70 - Ytterbium lanthanide
Discovered by Jean de Marignac in 1878
Ytterbium is a chemical element with symbol Yb and atomic number 70. It is the fourteenth and penultimate element in the lanthanide series, which is the basis of the relative stability of its +2 oxidation state. However, like the other lanthanides, its most common oxidation state is +3, seen in its oxide, halides and other compounds.
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 18 | 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 10 in 3d |
| 4 | 32 | 2 in 4s + 6 in 4p + 10 in 4d + 14 in 4f |
| 5 | 8 | 2 in 5s + 6 in 5p |
| 6 | 2 | 2 in 6s |
173 u Atomic Mass
1.75 Å Atomic Radius
1.47k K Boiling Point
16 Group
3 Common Oxidation States
1.87 Å Covalent Radius
6.9 g/cm³ Density
−1.93 kJ/mol Electron Affinity
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 6s2 Electron Configuration (semantic)
1.1 Electronegativity
70 Electrons
6.25 eV First Ionization Energy
2, 3 ICSD Oxidation States
603.4, 1174.8, 2417, 4203 kJ/mol Ionization Energies
1.1k K Melting Point
17 Mendeleev Number
26.7 J/(mol·K) Molar Heat
6 Number of Shells
103 Neutrons
70 Atomic Number
16 Number of Isotopes
2, 3 Oxidation States
6 Period
Solid Phase
70 Protons
2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2 Electron Shell Occupations
0.155 J/(g K) Specific Heat