80 - Mercury transition metal
Discovered in 265 BC
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is commonly known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum (/haɪˈdrɑːrdʒərəm/). A heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure; the only other element that is liquid under these conditions is bromine, though metals such as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room temperature.
Periodic table
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 18 | 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 10 in 3d |
| 4 | 32 | 2 in 4s + 6 in 4p + 10 in 4d + 14 in 4f |
| 5 | 18 | 2 in 5s + 6 in 5p + 10 in 5d |
| 6 | 2 | 2 in 6s |
Electron shells
silvery Appearance
201 u Atomic Mass
1.5 Å Atomic Radius
630 K Boiling Point
12 Group
1, 2 Common Oxidation States
1.32 Å Covalent Radius
13.5 g/cm³ Density
−48 kJ/mol Electron Affinity
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 Electron Configuration (semantic)
2 Electronegativity
80 Electrons
10.4 eV First Ionization Energy
1, 2 ICSD Oxidation States
1007.1, 1810, 3300 kJ/mol Ionization Energies
234 K Melting Point
74 Mendeleev Number
28 J/(mol·K) Molar Heat
6 Number of Shells
121 Neutrons
80 Atomic Number
26 Number of Isotopes
1, 2, 4 Oxidation States
6 Period
Liquid Phase
80 Protons
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2 Electron Shell Occupations