60 - Neodymium lanthanide
Discovered by Carl Auer von Welsbach in 1885
Neodymium is a chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60. It is a soft silvery metal that tarnishes in air. Neodymium was discovered in 1885 by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach.
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 18 | 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 10 in 3d |
| 4 | 22 | 2 in 4s + 6 in 4p + 10 in 4d + 4 in 4f |
| 5 | 8 | 2 in 5s + 6 in 5p |
| 6 | 2 | 2 in 6s |
silvery white Appearance
144 u Atomic Mass
1.85 Å Atomic Radius
3.35k K Boiling Point
6 Group
3 Common Oxidation States
2.01 Å Covalent Radius
7.01 g/cm³ Density
185 kJ/mol Electron Affinity
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f4 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2 Electron Configuration (semantic)
1.14 Electronegativity
60 Electrons
5.53 eV First Ionization Energy
2, 3 ICSD Oxidation States
533.1, 1040, 2130, 3900 kJ/mol Ionization Energies
1.29k K Melting Point
30 Mendeleev Number
27.4 J/(mol·K) Molar Heat
6 Number of Shells
84 Neutrons
60 Atomic Number
16 Number of Isotopes
2, 3 Oxidation States
6 Period
Solid Phase
60 Protons
2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2 Electron Shell Occupations