23 - Vanadium transition metal

Discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801

  • Atomic Radius (Å)
  • Cividis
Vanadium

Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery grey, ductile and malleable transition metal. The element is found only in chemically combined form in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation.

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
 Shell Electrons Orbitals
122 in 1s
282 in 2s + 6 in 2p
3112 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 3 in 3d
422 in 4s
VanadiumVElectron 1Electron 2Electron 1Electron 2Electron 3Electron 4Electron 5Electron 6Electron 7Electron 8Electron 1Electron 2Electron 3Electron 4Electron 5Electron 6Electron 7Electron 8Electron 9Electron 10Electron 11Electron 1Electron 2
blue-silver-grey metal Appearance
50.9  u Atomic Mass
1.35  Å Atomic Radius
3.68k  K Boiling Point
5 Group
5 Common Oxidation States
1.53  Å Covalent Radius
6  g/cm³ Density
50.9  kJ/mol Electron Affinity
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2 Electron Configuration (semantic)
1.63 Electronegativity
23 Electrons
6.75  eV First Ionization Energy
2, 3, 4, 5 ICSD Oxidation States
650.9, 1414, 2830, 4507, 6298.7, 12363, 14530, 16730, 19860, 22240, 24670, 29730, 32446, 86450, 94170, 102300, 112700, 121600, 130700, 143400, 151440, 661050, 699144  kJ/mol Ionization Energies
2.18k  K Melting Point
54 Mendeleev Number
24.9  J/(mol·K) Molar Heat
4 Number of Shells
28 Neutrons
23 Atomic Number
9 Number of Isotopes
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Oxidation States
4 Period
Solid Phase
23 Protons
2, 8, 11, 2 Electron Shell Occupations