74 - Tungsten transition metal
Discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1783
Tungsten, also known as wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74. The word tungsten comes from the Swedish language 'tung sten', which directly translates to heavy stone. Its name in Swedish is volfram, however, in order to distinguish it from scheelite, which in Swedish is alternatively named tungsten.
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 18 | 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 10 in 3d |
| 4 | 32 | 2 in 4s + 6 in 4p + 10 in 4d + 14 in 4f |
| 5 | 12 | 2 in 5s + 6 in 5p + 4 in 5d |
| 6 | 2 | 2 in 6s |
grayish white, lustrous Appearance
184 u Atomic Mass
1.35 Å Atomic Radius
5.83k K Boiling Point
6 Group
4, 6 Common Oxidation States
1.62 Å Covalent Radius
19.3 g/cm³ Density
78.8 kJ/mol Electron Affinity
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d4 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2 Electron Configuration (semantic)
2.36 Electronegativity
74 Electrons
7.86 eV First Ionization Energy
2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ICSD Oxidation States
770, 1700 kJ/mol Ionization Energies
3.68k K Melting Point
55 Mendeleev Number
24.3 J/(mol·K) Molar Heat
6 Number of Shells
110 Neutrons
74 Atomic Number
22 Number of Isotopes
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Oxidation States
6 Period
Solid Phase
74 Protons
2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 Electron Shell Occupations