4 - Beryllium alkaline earth metal
Discovered by Louis Vauquelin in 1798
Beryllium is a chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4. It is created through stellar nucleosynthesis and is a relatively rare element in the universe. It is a divalent element which occurs naturally only in combination with other elements in minerals.
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 2 | 2 in 2s |
white-gray metallic Appearance
9.01 u Atomic Mass
1.05 Å Atomic Radius
2.74k K Boiling Point
2 Group
2 Common Oxidation States
0.96 Å Covalent Radius
1.85 g/cm³ Density
−48 kJ/mol Electron Affinity
1s2 2s2 Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2 Electron Configuration (semantic)
1.57 Electronegativity
4 Electrons
9.32 eV First Ionization Energy
2 ICSD Oxidation States
899.5, 1757.1, 14848.7, 21006.6 kJ/mol Ionization Energies
1.56k K Melting Point
77 Mendeleev Number
16.4 J/(mol·K) Molar Heat
2 Number of Shells
2 Electron Valency
5 Neutrons
4 Atomic Number
6 Number of Isotopes
2 Oxidation States
2 Period
Solid Phase
4 Protons
2, 2 Electron Shell Occupations
1.82 J/(g K) Specific Heat